Review of the Principles of Industry 5.0. and Proposal for the Utilization of By-products of the Tea Industry

Industry 5.0 represents a substantial advancement in the integration of sophisticated technologies with human expertise, with the objective of optimizing industrial processes. This new industrial era is distinguished by a collaborative relationship between humans and intelligent machines, with an emphasis on personalization, sustainability, and resilience. In this context, the tea industry, one of the oldest and most traditional, is confronted with the challenge of adapting to these new paradigms to enhance its efficiency and sustainability. Notwithstanding the technological advancements that have been made, the tea industry continues to grapple with challenges pertaining to the management of its by-products, including used tea leaves, stems, and dust. Such by-products are frequently regarded as waste and discarded without adequate utilization, representing a loss of potentially valuable resources and contributing to environmental issues such as waste accumulation and pollution. This study puts forth a production model founded upon the tenets of Industry 5.0, with the objective of optimizing the management of tea by-products derived from medicinal and aromatic plants. The research is based on a systematic review of scientific articles from the Scopus database, which is the largest peer-reviewed database of literature abstracts and citations. The bibliometric method was employed to analyze the most significant academic contributions on tea waste by-products from a general perspective. The Bibliometrix® tool was employed to evaluate the scientific research characteristics and key statistical aspects of the collected articles, thereby facilitating a comprehensive analysis of the scientific mapping and enabling visual analysis of the data. The proposed production model offers a sustainable and efficient approach to the management of tea by-products, with benefits for both businesses and the environment. By adopting advanced technologies and promoting human-machine collaboration, it is expected to optimize production processes and improve the competitiveness of the tea industry.