Indicators for the Evaluation of Agri-Food Supply Chains Under Industry 5.0 Parameters

The growing challenges of the agro-industrial sector have motivated companies to seek ways to increase their competitiveness through the implementation of Industry 5.0. This new industrial era involves not only the integration of advanced technologies but also the adoption of sustainable practices, the promotion of resilience, and a human-centered approach at all stages of supply chains. This transformation not only optimizes efficiency and product quality but also ensures a positive impact on the environment. The present research reviews the indicators for the evaluation of agri-food supply chains under the parameters of Industry 5.0. The key criteria have been considered, including Environmental, Business Model, Quality and Profitability, Flexibility, IoT, Risk Management, Human Rights and Welfare, and Human-Centered Technology. The aforementioned indicators will enable an organization undergoing examination to evaluate the status of its operations in order to facilitate preparation for a disruptive event that may impact the supply chain. The selection of the indicators was done through a systematic literature review, which considered 96 articles in English and Portuguese published between 2019 and 2023. The analysis of the documents was performed using the Atlas.ti software version 2019, considering the 4Ws (when, who, where, and what) and the four research questions elaborated using the PICO strategy. The research results provide definitions of the main elements of the 5.0 supply chain, as well as the criteria considered for the selection of relevant indicators. A total of twenty-one indicators for the agri-food supply chain were subjected to a review based on the three essential elements and eight key criteria. The indicators thus identified represent a valuable tool for improving the resilience and sustainability of agribusiness operations in an increasingly challenging environment.