Conocimiento, uso del etiquetado nutricional, consumo y preferencias por alimentos ultra procesados entre estudiantes universitarios

Objective: To determine the knowledge of and use of nutrition labelling as well as perceptions about the consumption of ultra-processed products among university students using a mixed methods study. Material and Method: This mixed-methods study analyzed nutrition knowledge, the use of nutrition labelling, and consumption of ultra-processed products among the university population. A total of 423 adults between 18 and 30 years of age completed a structured questionnaire, and 9 students participated in a semi-structured interview. Descriptive analysis and Chi² test were performed. A thematic analysis was performed on the qualitative data. Results: Front-of-package labelling provides quick and easy-to-understand information (95% of participants had knowledge and comprehension). Around 19% of participants used labelling to decide which product to purchase. 57.21% considered an affordable price to be essential when choosing processed foods or beverages. Despite being aware of the nutritional labeling system, university students indicated a preference for the frequent consumption of ultra-processed products due to their taste, availability, and price. Conclusion: Labeling policies must be strengthened to include warning messages that improve understanding of ultra-processed product components. Furthermore, more studies are needed to better understand how to encourage consumers to choose healthier foods.