Prevalencia y factores asociados a trastornos hipertensivos del embarazo en edades obstétricas de riesgo. Hospital Vicente Corral Moscoso, Cuenca 2019

Introduction: hypertensive disorders of pregnancy are one of the main causes of maternal and neonatal morbidity and mortality worldwide. Objective: to determine the prevalence and associated factors to hypertensive disorders in pregnancy at risk ages, at Vicente Corral Moscoso Hospital in 2019. Materials and methods: a cross-sectional analytical study was carried out. 249 medical records from “Intranet” system for hospitalization, selected by simple random sampling, were included. For data analysis, SPSS v.22 was used. The factor`s association was made with odds ratio with its confidence interval of 95%; the hypothesis was accepted with a value of p < 0,05 of the Chi square. Results: 17,7% patients presented hypertensive disorders at risk reproductive age, of which 12,4% had preeclampsia. The factors that showed a statistically significant relationship with hypertensive disorders were overweight-obesity (OR 2,1; 95% CI: 1,04-4,23, p: 0,03); chronic hypertension (OR: 20,4; 95% CI: 2,22-187,33; p > 0,001) and a history of hypertensive disorder in previous pregnancies (OR: 4,2; 95% CI: 1,23-14,82; p = 0,001). Conclusion: more than one eighth of patients with obstetric risk ages presented hypertensive disorders in pregnancy; preeclampsia was the most frequent. Overweight and obesity, history of hypertensive disorder prior to pregnancy and chronic hypertension were statistically significant factors.