Optimal Integration of Distributed Generation in Long Medium-Voltage Electrical Networks

The integration of small-scale renewable energy has demonstrated a considerable impact on distribution systems, mitigating power losses and enhancing system reliability. This article proposes a methodology for identifying the optimal locations of distributed generation units along a long medium- voltage electrical network, in order to, minimize energy losses, improve voltage levels, and facilitate the planning of the electrical distribution system. Utilizing existing distribution system data in ArcGIS, load flow analysis was conducted using the unbalanced Newton-Raphson method within the CYME simulation software. Through the Power Loss Index method and the Flower Pollination Algorithm, this study identified the optimal locations and power levels for distributed generation units within the feeder. The results of various study scenarios indicate that placing one or multiple distributed generation units along the long feeder reduces total power losses and improves voltage level. In particular, the incorporation of distributed generation units led to a 39.62% reduction in active energy losses and a 41.88% reduction in reactive energy losses. Furthermore, the voltage profile was improved compared to the base case.