Molecular epidemiology of carbapenem-resistant gram-negative bacilli in Ecuador

Claudia Soria Segarra; Carmen Soria Segarra; Marcos Molina Matute; Ivanna Agreda Orellana; Tamara Núñez Quezada; Kerly Cevallos Apolo; Marcela Miranda Ayala; Grace Salazar Tamayo; Margarita Galarza Herrera; Victor Vega Hall; José E. Villacis; José Gutiérrez Fernández

doi:10.1186/s12879-024-09248-6

Molecular epidemiology of carbapenem-resistant gram-negative bacilli in Ecuador

Claudia Soria Segarra (First Author)
, Carmen Soria Segarra
, Marcos Molina Matute
, Ivanna Agreda Orellana
, Tamara Núñez Quezada
, Kerly Cevallos Apolo
, Marcela Miranda Ayala
, Grace Salazar Tamayo
, Margarita Galarza Herrera
, Victor Vega Hall
, José E. Villacis
, José Gutiérrez Fernández (Last Author)

Sosecali
Guayaquil University
University of Granada
Universidad Católica de Santiago de Guayaquil
Hospital Universitario del Río
Hospital del Instituto Ecuatoriano de Seguridad Social Dr. Teodoro Maldonado Carbo
Hospital de Infectología Dr. José Daniel Rodríguez Maridueña
Omni Hospital
Hospital Vozandez
Hospital Eugenio Espejo
Interhospital
Pontificia Universidad Católica del Ecuador
Hospital Universitario Virgen de las Nieves

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

4 Scopus citations

Abstract

Introduction: Carbapenem-resistant gram-negative bacilli are a worldwide concern because of high morbidity and mortality rates. Additionally, the increasing prevalence of these bacteria is dangerous. To investigate the extent of antimicrobial resistance and prioritize the utility of novel drugs, we evaluated the molecular characteristics and antimicrobial susceptibility profiles of carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Acinetobacter baumannii in Ecuador in 2022. Methods: Ninety-five clinical isolates of carbapenem non-susceptible gram-negative bacilli were collected from six hospitals in Ecuador. Carbapenem resistance was confirmed with meropenem disk diffusion assays following Clinical Laboratory Standard Institute guidelines. Carbapenemase production was tested using a modified carbapenemase inactivation method. Antimicrobial susceptibility was tested with a disk diffusion assay, the Vitek 2 System, and gradient diffusion strips. Broth microdilution assays were used to assess colistin susceptibility. All the isolates were screened for the bla_KPC,bla_NDM,bla_OXA-48,bla_VIM and bla_IMP genes_. In addition, A. baumannii isolates were screened for the bla_OXA-23, bla_OXA-58 and bla_OXA-24/40 genes. Results: Carbapenemase production was observed in 96.84% of the isolates. The bla_KPC, bla_NDM and bla_OXA-48 genes were detected in Enterobacterales, with bla_KPC being predominant. The bla_VIM gene was detected in P. aeruginosa, and bla_OXA-24/40 predominated in A. baumannii. Most of the isolates showed co-resistance to aminoglycosides, fluoroquinolones, and trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole. Both ceftazidime/avibactam and meropenem/vaborbactam were active against carbapenem-resistant gram-negative bacilli that produce serin-carbapenemases. Conclusion: The epidemiology of carbapenem resistance in Ecuador is dominated by carbapenemase-producing K. pneumoniae harbouring bla_KPC. Extensively drug resistant (XDR) P. aeruginosa and A. baumannii were identified, and their identification revealed the urgent need to implement strategies to reduce the dissemination of these strains.

Original language	English
Article number	378
Pages (from-to)	1-9
Number of pages	9
Journal	BMC Infectious Diseases
Volume	24
Issue number	1
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1186/s12879-024-09248-6
State	Published - Dec 2024
Externally published	Yes

UN SDGs

This output contributes to the following UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

SDG 3 Good Health and Well-being

Keywords

Carbapenem resistance
Carbapenemase genes
Ecuador
Gram-negative bacilli

Access to Document

10.1186/s12879-024-09248-6

Cite this

Soria Segarra, C., Soria Segarra, C., Molina Matute, M., Agreda Orellana, I., Núñez Quezada, T., Cevallos Apolo, K., Miranda Ayala, M., Salazar Tamayo, G., Galarza Herrera, M., Vega Hall, V., Villacis, J. E., & Gutiérrez Fernández, J. (2024). Molecular epidemiology of carbapenem-resistant gram-negative bacilli in Ecuador. BMC Infectious Diseases, 24(1), 1-9. Article 378. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12879-024-09248-6

@article{b56ceafa06bc473d8509bdb61e123834,

title = "Molecular epidemiology of carbapenem-resistant gram-negative bacilli in Ecuador",

abstract = "Introduction Carbapenem-resistant gram-negative bacilli are a worldwide concern because of high morbidity and mortality rates. Additionally, the increasing prevalence of these bacteria is dangerous. To investigate the extent of antimicrobial resistance and prioritize the utility of novel drugs, we evaluated the molecular characteristics and antimicrobial susceptibility profiles of carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Acinetobacter baumannii in Ecuador in 2022. Methods Ninety-five clinical isolates of carbapenem non-susceptible gram-negative bacilli were collected from six hospitals in Ecuador. Carbapenem resistance was confirmed with meropenem disk diffusion assays following Clinical Laboratory Standard Institute guidelines. Carbapenemase production was tested using a modified carbapenemase inactivation method. Antimicrobial susceptibility was tested with a disk diffusion assay, the Vitek 2 System, and gra‑ dient diffusion strips. Broth microdilution assays were used to assess colistin susceptibility. All the isolates were screened for the blaKPC, blaNDM, blaOXA-48, blaVIM and blaIMP genes. In addition, A. baumannii isolates were screened for the blaOXA-23, blaOXA-58 and blaOXA-24/40 genes. Results Carbapenemase production was observed in 96.84\% of the isolates. The blaKPC, blaNDM and blaOXA-48 genes were detected in Enterobacterales, with blaKPC being predominant. The blaVIM gene was detected in P. aeruginosa, and blaOXA-24/40 predominated in A. baumannii. Most of the isolates showed co-resistance to aminoglycosides, fluoro‑ quinolones, and trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole. Both ceftazidime/avibactam and meropenem/vaborbactam were active against carbapenem-resistant gram-negative bacilli that produce serin-carbapenemases.",

keywords = "Carbapenem resistance, Carbapenemase genes, Ecuador, Gram-negative bacilli, Carbapenem resistance, Carbapenemase genes, Ecuador, Gram-negative bacilli",

author = "\{Soria Segarra\}, Claudia and \{Soria Segarra\}, Carmen and \{Molina Matute\}, Marcos and \{Agreda Orellana\}, Ivanna and \{N{\'u}{\~n}ez Quezada\}, Tamara and \{Cevallos Apolo\}, Kerly and \{Miranda Ayala\}, Marcela and \{Salazar Tamayo\}, Grace and \{Galarza Herrera\}, Margarita and \{Vega Hall\}, Victor and Villacis, \{Jos{\'e} E.\} and \{Guti{\'e}rrez Fern{\'a}ndez\}, Jos{\'e}",

note = "Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} The Author(s) 2024.",

year = "2024",

month = dec,

doi = "10.1186/s12879-024-09248-6",

language = "Ingl{\'e}s",

volume = "24",

pages = "1--9",

journal = "BMC Infectious Diseases",

issn = "1471-2334",

number = "1",

}

Soria Segarra, C, Soria Segarra, C, Molina Matute, M, Agreda Orellana, I, Núñez Quezada, T, Cevallos Apolo, K, Miranda Ayala, M, Salazar Tamayo, G, Galarza Herrera, M, Vega Hall, V, Villacis, JE & Gutiérrez Fernández, J 2024, 'Molecular epidemiology of carbapenem-resistant gram-negative bacilli in Ecuador', BMC Infectious Diseases, vol. 24, no. 1, 378, pp. 1-9. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12879-024-09248-6

TY - JOUR

T1 - Molecular epidemiology of carbapenem-resistant gram-negative bacilli in Ecuador

AU - Soria Segarra, Claudia

AU - Soria Segarra, Carmen

AU - Molina Matute, Marcos

AU - Agreda Orellana, Ivanna

AU - Núñez Quezada, Tamara

AU - Cevallos Apolo, Kerly

AU - Miranda Ayala, Marcela

AU - Salazar Tamayo, Grace

AU - Galarza Herrera, Margarita

AU - Vega Hall, Victor

AU - Villacis, José E.

AU - Gutiérrez Fernández, José

N1 - Publisher Copyright: © The Author(s) 2024.

PY - 2024/12

Y1 - 2024/12

N2 - Introduction Carbapenem-resistant gram-negative bacilli are a worldwide concern because of high morbidity and mortality rates. Additionally, the increasing prevalence of these bacteria is dangerous. To investigate the extent of antimicrobial resistance and prioritize the utility of novel drugs, we evaluated the molecular characteristics and antimicrobial susceptibility profiles of carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Acinetobacter baumannii in Ecuador in 2022. Methods Ninety-five clinical isolates of carbapenem non-susceptible gram-negative bacilli were collected from six hospitals in Ecuador. Carbapenem resistance was confirmed with meropenem disk diffusion assays following Clinical Laboratory Standard Institute guidelines. Carbapenemase production was tested using a modified carbapenemase inactivation method. Antimicrobial susceptibility was tested with a disk diffusion assay, the Vitek 2 System, and gra‑ dient diffusion strips. Broth microdilution assays were used to assess colistin susceptibility. All the isolates were screened for the blaKPC, blaNDM, blaOXA-48, blaVIM and blaIMP genes. In addition, A. baumannii isolates were screened for the blaOXA-23, blaOXA-58 and blaOXA-24/40 genes. Results Carbapenemase production was observed in 96.84% of the isolates. The blaKPC, blaNDM and blaOXA-48 genes were detected in Enterobacterales, with blaKPC being predominant. The blaVIM gene was detected in P. aeruginosa, and blaOXA-24/40 predominated in A. baumannii. Most of the isolates showed co-resistance to aminoglycosides, fluoro‑ quinolones, and trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole. Both ceftazidime/avibactam and meropenem/vaborbactam were active against carbapenem-resistant gram-negative bacilli that produce serin-carbapenemases.

AB - Introduction Carbapenem-resistant gram-negative bacilli are a worldwide concern because of high morbidity and mortality rates. Additionally, the increasing prevalence of these bacteria is dangerous. To investigate the extent of antimicrobial resistance and prioritize the utility of novel drugs, we evaluated the molecular characteristics and antimicrobial susceptibility profiles of carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Acinetobacter baumannii in Ecuador in 2022. Methods Ninety-five clinical isolates of carbapenem non-susceptible gram-negative bacilli were collected from six hospitals in Ecuador. Carbapenem resistance was confirmed with meropenem disk diffusion assays following Clinical Laboratory Standard Institute guidelines. Carbapenemase production was tested using a modified carbapenemase inactivation method. Antimicrobial susceptibility was tested with a disk diffusion assay, the Vitek 2 System, and gra‑ dient diffusion strips. Broth microdilution assays were used to assess colistin susceptibility. All the isolates were screened for the blaKPC, blaNDM, blaOXA-48, blaVIM and blaIMP genes. In addition, A. baumannii isolates were screened for the blaOXA-23, blaOXA-58 and blaOXA-24/40 genes. Results Carbapenemase production was observed in 96.84% of the isolates. The blaKPC, blaNDM and blaOXA-48 genes were detected in Enterobacterales, with blaKPC being predominant. The blaVIM gene was detected in P. aeruginosa, and blaOXA-24/40 predominated in A. baumannii. Most of the isolates showed co-resistance to aminoglycosides, fluoro‑ quinolones, and trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole. Both ceftazidime/avibactam and meropenem/vaborbactam were active against carbapenem-resistant gram-negative bacilli that produce serin-carbapenemases.

KW - Carbapenem resistance

KW - Carbapenemase genes

KW - Ecuador

KW - Gram-negative bacilli

KW - Carbapenem resistance

KW - Carbapenemase genes

KW - Ecuador

KW - Gram-negative bacilli

UR - https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/85189649535

UR - https://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12879-024-09248-6

U2 - 10.1186/s12879-024-09248-6

DO - 10.1186/s12879-024-09248-6

M3 - Artículo

C2 - 38582858

AN - SCOPUS:85189649535

SN - 1471-2334

VL - 24

SP - 1

EP - 9

JO - BMC Infectious Diseases

JF - BMC Infectious Diseases

IS - 1

M1 - 378

ER -

Molecular epidemiology of carbapenem-resistant gram-negative bacilli in Ecuador

Abstract

UN SDGs

Keywords

Access to Document

Other files and links

Fingerprint

Cite this