Comparative analysis of coagulants for selective removal of iron and aluminum from galvanic wastewater: A practical and effective approach

Fausto Fernando García Ávila; Erika Fernanda Mayancela Santander; María Belén Alvarado Pacheco; Lorgio Valdiviezo Gonzales; Manuel Cadme Galabay; César Zhindón Arévalo; Patricia Reynoso Quispe

doi:10.1016/j.asej.2025.103393

Comparative analysis of coagulants for selective removal of iron and aluminum from galvanic wastewater: A practical and effective approach

Fausto Fernando García Ávila (First Author)
, Erika Fernanda Mayancela Santander
, María Belén Alvarado Pacheco
, Lorgio Valdiviezo Gonzales (Corresponding Author)
, Manuel Cadme Galabay
, César Zhindón Arévalo
, Patricia Reynoso Quispe (Last Author)

Facultad de Ciencias Químicas Universidad de Cuenca
Universidad Tecnológica del Perú
Universidad Católica de Cuenca
Universidad de Ingeniería y Tecnología

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

1 Scopus citations

Abstract

This research aimed to evaluate three coagulants (aluminum sulfate, polyaluminum chloride, and ferric chloride) for the selective removal of iron and aluminum from wastewater generated during the pickling process in the galvanic industry. Jar tests were conducted at pH levels of 5.5 and 11, adjusted using lime. Results indicated that aluminum sulfate was the most effective coagulant, achieving a 97.91% removal of iron and a 93.09% removal of aluminum at pH 5.5 with specific dosages. The study established that optimal metal removal occurs at pH 5.5, with a necessary lime concentration of 7.5%. Statistical analyses, including MANOVA and ANOVA, confirmed significant relationships between metal removal efficiency, coagulant type, dosage, concentration, and pH. The Tukey-HSD test indicated distinct behaviors among coagulants, while the Mahalanobis Distance test highlighted specific relationships among the study variables. Overall, aluminum sulfate and polyaluminum chloride are recommended for effective wastewater treatment in the electroplating industry.

Original language	English
Article number	103393
Pages (from-to)	1-12
Number of pages	12
Journal	Ain Shams Engineering Journal
Volume	16
Issue number	7
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.asej.2025.103393
State	Published - Jan 2025

UN SDGs

This output contributes to the following UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

SDG 6 Clean Water and Sanitation
SDG 9 Industry, Innovation, and Infrastructure

Keywords

Aluminum
Chemical precipitation
Coagulants
Galvanic wastewater
Iron
Jar tests

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10.1016/j.asej.2025.103393

Cite this

García Ávila, F. F., Mayancela Santander, E. F., Alvarado Pacheco, M. B., Valdiviezo Gonzales, L., Cadme Galabay, M., Zhindón Arévalo, C., & Reynoso Quispe, P. (2025). Comparative analysis of coagulants for selective removal of iron and aluminum from galvanic wastewater: A practical and effective approach. Ain Shams Engineering Journal, 16(7), 1-12. Article 103393. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.asej.2025.103393

@article{706c63bfc60f4bcebfecd47f5d7050e3,

title = "Comparative analysis of coagulants for selective removal of iron and aluminum from galvanic wastewater: A practical and effective approach",

abstract = "This research aimed to evaluate three coagulants (aluminum sulfate, polyaluminum chloride, and ferric chloride) for the selective removal of iron and aluminum from wastewater generated during the pickling process in the galvanic industry. Jar tests were conducted at pH levels of 5.5 and 11, adjusted using lime. Results indicated that aluminum sulfate was the most effective coagulant, achieving a 97.91\% removal of iron and a 93.09\% removal of aluminum at pH 5.5 with specific dosages. The study established that optimal metal removal occurs at pH 5.5, with a necessary lime concentration of 7.5\%. Statistical analyses, including MANOVA and ANOVA, confirmed significant relationships between metal removal efficiency, coagulant type, dosage, concentration, and pH. The Tukey-HSD test indicated distinct behaviors among coagulants, while the Mahalanobis Distance test highlighted specific relationships among the study variables. Overall, aluminum sulfate and polyaluminum chloride are recommended for effective wastewater treatment in the electroplating industry.",

keywords = "Aluminum, Chemical precipitation, Coagulants, Galvanic wastewater, Iron, Jar tests, Galvanic wastewater, Coagulants, Iron, Aluminum, Jar testsChemical precipitation, Chemical precipitation",

author = "\{Garc{\'i}a {\'A}vila\}, \{Fausto Fernando\} and \{Mayancela Santander\}, \{Erika Fernanda\} and \{Alvarado Pacheco\}, \{Mar{\'i}a Bel{\'e}n\} and \{Valdiviezo Gonzales\}, Lorgio and \{Cadme Galabay\}, Manuel and \{Zhind{\'o}n Ar{\'e}valo\}, C{\'e}sar and \{Reynoso Quispe\}, Patricia",

note = "Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2025 The Author(s)",

year = "2025",

month = jan,

doi = "10.1016/j.asej.2025.103393",

language = "Ingl{\'e}s",

volume = "16",

pages = "1--12",

journal = "Ain Shams Engineering Journal",

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García Ávila, FF, Mayancela Santander, EF, Alvarado Pacheco, MB, Valdiviezo Gonzales, L, Cadme Galabay, M, Zhindón Arévalo, C & Reynoso Quispe, P 2025, 'Comparative analysis of coagulants for selective removal of iron and aluminum from galvanic wastewater: A practical and effective approach', Ain Shams Engineering Journal, vol. 16, no. 7, 103393, pp. 1-12. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.asej.2025.103393

Comparative analysis of coagulants for selective removal of iron and aluminum from galvanic wastewater: A practical and effective approach. / García Ávila, Fausto Fernando (First Author); Mayancela Santander, Erika Fernanda; Alvarado Pacheco, María Belén et al.
In: Ain Shams Engineering Journal, Vol. 16, No. 7, 103393, 01.2025, p. 1-12.

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

TY - JOUR

T1 - Comparative analysis of coagulants for selective removal of iron and aluminum from galvanic wastewater

T2 - A practical and effective approach

AU - García Ávila, Fausto Fernando

AU - Mayancela Santander, Erika Fernanda

AU - Alvarado Pacheco, María Belén

AU - Valdiviezo Gonzales, Lorgio

AU - Cadme Galabay, Manuel

AU - Zhindón Arévalo, César

AU - Reynoso Quispe, Patricia

PY - 2025/1

Y1 - 2025/1

N2 - This research aimed to evaluate three coagulants (aluminum sulfate, polyaluminum chloride, and ferric chloride) for the selective removal of iron and aluminum from wastewater generated during the pickling process in the galvanic industry. Jar tests were conducted at pH levels of 5.5 and 11, adjusted using lime. Results indicated that aluminum sulfate was the most effective coagulant, achieving a 97.91% removal of iron and a 93.09% removal of aluminum at pH 5.5 with specific dosages. The study established that optimal metal removal occurs at pH 5.5, with a necessary lime concentration of 7.5%. Statistical analyses, including MANOVA and ANOVA, confirmed significant relationships between metal removal efficiency, coagulant type, dosage, concentration, and pH. The Tukey-HSD test indicated distinct behaviors among coagulants, while the Mahalanobis Distance test highlighted specific relationships among the study variables. Overall, aluminum sulfate and polyaluminum chloride are recommended for effective wastewater treatment in the electroplating industry.

AB - This research aimed to evaluate three coagulants (aluminum sulfate, polyaluminum chloride, and ferric chloride) for the selective removal of iron and aluminum from wastewater generated during the pickling process in the galvanic industry. Jar tests were conducted at pH levels of 5.5 and 11, adjusted using lime. Results indicated that aluminum sulfate was the most effective coagulant, achieving a 97.91% removal of iron and a 93.09% removal of aluminum at pH 5.5 with specific dosages. The study established that optimal metal removal occurs at pH 5.5, with a necessary lime concentration of 7.5%. Statistical analyses, including MANOVA and ANOVA, confirmed significant relationships between metal removal efficiency, coagulant type, dosage, concentration, and pH. The Tukey-HSD test indicated distinct behaviors among coagulants, while the Mahalanobis Distance test highlighted specific relationships among the study variables. Overall, aluminum sulfate and polyaluminum chloride are recommended for effective wastewater treatment in the electroplating industry.

KW - Aluminum

KW - Chemical precipitation

KW - Coagulants

KW - Galvanic wastewater

KW - Iron

KW - Jar tests

KW - Galvanic wastewater

KW - Coagulants

KW - Iron

KW - Aluminum

KW - Jar testsChemical precipitation

KW - Chemical precipitation

UR - https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/105002637524

UR - https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2090447925001340

U2 - 10.1016/j.asej.2025.103393

DO - 10.1016/j.asej.2025.103393

M3 - Artículo

AN - SCOPUS:105002637524

SN - 2090-4479

VL - 16

SP - 1

EP - 12

JO - Ain Shams Engineering Journal

JF - Ain Shams Engineering Journal

IS - 7

M1 - 103393

ER -

Comparative analysis of coagulants for selective removal of iron and aluminum from galvanic wastewater: A practical and effective approach

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Keywords

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