Identification and characterization of polymerase DNA lacking exonucleolithic activity 5´-3´ (BST-Like) of extremophiles present in hydrothermal sources of southern Ecuador.

DNA polymerases are the enzymes responsible for replication of cell genetic material. These enzymes are currently an important reagent in the field of biotechnology based on recombinant DNA. Additionally, they are used in DNA amplification and detection processes for the identification of causal agents of infectious diseases or genetic alterations responsible for non -infectious diseases in plants, animals and humans. The polymerase DNA, additional to DNA polymerization activity, have activities of exonucleases, the first one in the 3´-5´ direction. The second exonuclesa activity is in 5´-3´ direction, this activity degrades the DNA segments that the enzyme finds upstream in the process of synthesis of the DNA. DNA polymerases do not always have both activities, or when present they can show different efficiencies. Some polymerase DNA instead of the 5´-3´ ex-Lablease activity show an activity of Helicase, displacing the DNA chain that is found, an example of them are that of the bacterium. 29 (PHI29) and those present in some bacterial species of the geobacillus genus. At present, enzymes are used in more efficient and specific amplification tests than PCR, such as LAMP) and RCA, which are additionally isothermal, which facilitates its application in sites where the generation of diagnostic results is demanded. This project aims to obtain samples from hydrothermal sources from Ecuador DNA polymerases lacking exonuclease activity 5´-3´, applicable to the diagnosis of infectious diseases. With enzymes it will be possible in the near future to develop diagnostic tests, which will contribute to the improvement of the productive efficiency of the country's livestock and the health quality of animal products obtained for human consumption.

XIV RESEARCH PROJECT COMPETITION