The constitutional mandate of the territory management. The adoption of plans at the cantonal level in zone 6.

In 2008, Ecuador approved a Constitution that forces all cantons to adopt plans. According to the information presented by the Association of Municipalities of Ecuador, "until November 2012, 181 of the 221 cantons of Ecuador have an approved development plan (PD) and 183 have a Territorial Planning Plan (OT) approved", which means that 80% of the cantons approved their respective plans. Although there is no detailed information, of the general evaluations carried out for the region to the approved plans, they mostly do not have enough determinations to make them effective territory management instruments at the cantonal level. The objective of this research project is to understand the reasons why 80% of the cantons that approved their territorial planning plans only one minority approved plans that can be considered as effective. On the other hand it will also be investigated why there are cantons that did not approve of any plan. The investigation will be carried out in the territory that Senplades has defined as a planning zone 6, and that corresponds to the provinces of Azuay, Cañar and Morona Santiago. Among the three provinces there are 34 cantons in which about 8% of the population of Ecuador currently lives. In zone 6 there are several municipalities with heterogeneous characteristics both on the surface and the Guachapala canton with 3,996 ha, to Taisha with 616,100 ha., As well as in population, that is, the case of Paul VI with 1,823 inhabitants, to cantons as a basin with 505,585 inhabitants, which accounts for diversity in population densities and therefore the problem that afflicts the different cantons. According to the analysis by the MSC. Fernando Oyervedi Tello, in the document: "The fiscal capacity of municipalities as decentralized autonomous governments in Ecuador. Tax management or fiscal laziness?", Published in the magazine Challenges No. 3, among the conclusions quotes, that the largest municipalities (population terms), have developed a better tax strategy that allows them to gradually reduce their dependence and have greater efficiency in the management of resources; The municipalities of low population areas (less than 50,000 inhabitants) do not generate sufficient income to cover the remuneration of officials of the Municipal Decentralized Autonomous Governments, either by not adequate personnel structures or by a very low management in the generation of own resources, which would account in our area of study of various levels of management and strengthening of the municipalities.

XII UNIVERSITY COMPETITION FOR RESEARCH PROJECTS UNIVERSITY OF CUENCA